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4.1.1 Set 'Auditing' to 'On' (Manual)​

note

This rule has been changed to manual, see Manual Policies for CIS Azure 1.5.0 for details.

Profile Applicability​

• Level 1

Description​

Enable auditing on SQL Servers.

Rationale​

The Azure platform allows a SQL server to be created as a service. Enabling auditing at the server level ensures that all existing and newly created databases on the SQL server instance are audited. Auditing policy applied on the SQL database does not override auditing policy and settings applied on the particular SQL server where the database is hosted.

Auditing tracks database events and writes them to an audit log in the Azure storage account. It also helps to maintain regulatory compliance, understand database activity, and gain insight into discrepancies and anomalies that could indicate business concerns or suspected security violations.

Audit​

From Azure Portal​

  1. Go to SQL servers
  2. For each server instance
  3. Click on Auditing
  4. Ensure that Enable Azure SQL Auditing is set to On

From Azure Powershell​

Get the list of all SQL Servers

Get-AzSqlServer

For each Server

Get-AzSqlServerAudit -ResourceGroupName <ResourceGroupName> -ServerName <SQLServerName>

Ensure that BlobStorageTargetState, EventHubTargetState, or LogAnalyticsTargetState is set to Enabled.

Remediation​

From Azure Portal​

  1. Go to SQL servers.
  2. Select the SQL server instance.
  3. Under Security, click Auditing.
  4. Click the toggle next to Enable Azure SQL Auditing.
  5. Select an Audit log destination.
  6. Click Save.

From Azure Powershell​

Get the list of all SQL Servers by running the following command:

Get-AzSqlServer

For each Server, enable auditing and set the retention for at least 90 days.

Log Analytics Example

Set-AzSqlServerAudit -ResourceGroupName <resource group name> -ServerName <SQL Server name> -RetentionInDays <Number of Days to retain the audit logs, should be 90 days minimum> -LogAnalyticsTargetState Enabled -WorkspaceResourceId "/subscriptions/<subscription ID>/resourceGroups/insights-integration/providers/Microsoft.OperationalInsights/workspaces/<workspace name>

Event Hub Example

Set-AzSqlServerAudit -ResourceGroupName "<resource group name>" -ServerName "<SQL Server name>" -EventHubTargetState Enabled -EventHubName
 "<Event Hub name>" -EventHubAuthorizationRuleResourceId "<Event Hub Authorization Rule Resource ID>"

Blob Storage Example

Set-AzSqlServerAudit -ResourceGroupName "<resource group name>" -ServerName "<SQL Server name>" -BlobStorageTargetState Enabled
 -StorageAccountResourceId "/subscriptions/<subscription_ID>/resourceGroups/<Resource_Group>/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/<Storage Account name>

References​

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/security-center/security-center-enable-auditing-on-sql-servers
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/azurerm.sql/get-azurermsqlserverauditing?view=azurermps-5.2.0
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/azurerm.sql/set-azurermsqlserverauditingpolicy?view=azurermps-5.2.0
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/sql-database/sql-database-auditing
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security/benchmark/azure/security-controls-v3-logging-threat-detection#lt-3-enable-logging-for-security-investigation

Additional Information​

  • A server policy applies to all existing and newly created databases on the server.

  • If you enable server blob auditing, the database gets audited regardless of the database auditing settings. Auditing type table is already deprecated leaving only type blob available.

  • Enabling blob auditing on the database, in addition to enabling it on the server, does not override or change any of the settings of the server blob auditing. Both audits exist side by side. In other words, the database gets audited twice in parallel; once by the server policy and once by the database policy.

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